Industrial farming methods of today differ greatly from traditional farming methods of the past. In the post World War II era, the creation and use of synthetic compounds in industrial agriculture exploded, primarily in the application of pesticides and fertilizers. These compounds are hailed as being more effective, easier and cheaper than traditional methods. However, with the increase of health concerns at a frequency not experienced before, consumers are beginning to question the reality of these claims and the true nature of their effect on ourselves and our environment. This has been met with ridicule bordering on contempt, and some scholars even call the new methods “conventional farming”, while referring to organic methods as “non-traditional”.
What are traditional farming methods? Before the invention of synthetic agents, organic farming was simply called “farming”. Many practices included crop rotations, passive and active pest prevention, and intensive farming. With crop rotation, many farmers would rotate their fields between crops, chickens and cattle. They would also rotate crops within their crop field. When decomposing, certain crops will provide essential nutrients for the soil, whereas having the same crop in one spot too long will ultimately lead to disease. Pest prevention measures included regulating soil composition, ensuring proper water and sunshine, and planting “companion plants”, which repel harmful pests and/or attract beneficial insects. Intensive farming often includes boxes or raised gardens, which can help prevent diseases, offer protection against pests, and effectively contains the nutrients in soil.
So why have these methods been phased out of most commercial agriculture? Quite simply, in large scale agricultural operations, they are not cost effective and may even be unachievable. On the other hand, these methods are the cheapest and most efficient for small local farms. A small farm or home garden using traditional methods will provide bountiful, nutritious yields, offer an enjoyable hobby for the family, and ensure an efficient way to provide a portion of the household food needs.
